Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remains the only intervention with potential disease-modifying capacity for allergic rhinitis, an IgE-mediated disease of increasing prevalence that affects approximately 18% of adults worldwide.
AIT consists of the subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT) administration of high doses of the causative allergens.
CRTH2+CD49d+CD161+CD27− TH2A cells represent a pathogenic TH2 cell subset that is enriched in individuals with allergy.
SCIT vs SLIT have similar clinical benefit via partially nonoverlapping pathways:
- SCIT depleted CRTH2hiCD27lo TH2A cells
- SLIT depleted CRTH2loCD27hi cells
References:
https://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(26)00421-5/fulltext