Elevated IgE - what are the causes?

Conditions associated with elevated serum IgE

Infectious diseases

Parasitic
Ascariasis
Schistosomiasis
Strongyloidiasis

HIV infection
Mycobaterium tuberculosis (TB)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Candidiasis

Atopic diseases - allergy

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) - CXR, CT chest, IgE and IgG for Aspergillus, skin test
Allergic fungal sinusitis - CT sinuses, skin test
Atopic dermatitis - skin test or ImmunoCAP sIgE
Allergic asthma - PFTs, skin test
Allergic rhinitis - skin test


Role of IgE and mast cells in allergy. Image source: Wikipedia.

Immunodeficiencies

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) - check other Ig - IgG, IgA, IgM, IgG for pneumococcus, tetanus and diphtheria
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Netherton's disease
Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome (IPEX)
Omenn syndrome
Atypical complete DiGeorge syndrome

Inflammatory diseases

Churg-Strauss vasculitis
Kimura disease

Neoplasms

Hodgkin's lymphoma - CBCD, biopsy
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) myeloma - SPEP

Others

Tobacco smokers
Cystic fibrosis (CF)
Nephrotic syndrome - UA
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT)
Bullous pemphigoid

References:

Conditions associated with elevated serum IgE. UpToDate, 2014.
Causes of elevated IgE - AAAAI Ask The Expert http://buff.ly/1yyJOFh
CMA | Full text | Regulation and dysregulation of immunoglobulin E: a molecular and clinical perspective http://buff.ly/1v3ayjw