The concept of a “common mucosal immune system” relies on cross-talk between mucosal compartments. A balance must be struck that maintains homeostasis between the microbiome and the host. This balance is constantly challenged by a number of factors leading to “dysbiosis”(imbalance) in the microbial community, which is found in asthma. The microbiome (airway or gut) may play a role in the development of specific phenotypes such as allergic or nonallergic asthma and treatment-resistant asthma. Studies of oral or aerosol administration of the microbiota for the treatment and prevention of asthma are in planning stages.
References:
The microbiome in asthma. Yvonne J. Huang et al. JACI, January 2015, Volume 135, Issue 1, Pages 25–30 (free full text).
http://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(14)01649-2/fulltext
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