Risk factors and characteristics of respiratory and allergic phenotypes in early childhood

3 phenotypes were identified (one mild and two severe phenotypes):

- mild phenotype, 17%, with occasional mild wheeze

- two severe phenotypes separated by atopic status:

1. atopic severe phenotype, 3%, with a high prevalence of atopy (61% with allergenic sensitization) and atopic dermatitis (78%)

2. nonatopic severe phenotype, 11%. This group included 88% of the children with recurrent wheezing.

Risk factors for respiratory disease included:

- parental history of asthma
- male sex
- siblings
- day care attendance
- exposure to tobacco smoke or molds
- indoor renovations
- being overweight

Modified Asthma Predictive Index (mAPI) (click to enlarge the image):



References:

Risk factors and characteristics of respiratory and allergic phenotypes in early childhood. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Volume 130, Issue 2 , Pages 389-396.e4, August 2012.

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