Information on IgEs against 8 common inhaled allergens was available, and was collected at age 4 and 8 years.
The children were assigned to one of 4 groups:
- allergic rhinitis (rhinitis with sensitization to allergens)
- nonallergic rhinitis (rhinitis without sensitization)
- allergic sensitization but no rhinitis
- neither rhinitis nor sensitization.
Allergic rhinitis (AR)
The proportion of children with allergic rhinitis increased from 5% to 14% from age 4 to 8 years. Of the children with allergic rhinitis when they were 4 years old, 12% underwent remission by the time they were 8 years old.
Among 4- and 8-year-olds, allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis were associated with asthma, eczema, and food hypersensitivity (allergic or atopic march).
Allergic (atopic) march (click here to enlarge the image).
25% of 8-year-olds with allergic rhinitis also had oral allergy syndrome (OAS).
Cross-reactivity in Pollen-Food Allergy Syndrome (PFAS) or Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS) (click to enlarge the image).
Non-allergic rhinitis (NAR)
The proportion of children with nonallergic rhinitis decreased slightly over the same period of development, from 8% to 6%. Of the children with nonallergic rhinitis, 73% underwent remission during this period of development.
Among 4-year-olds without rhinitis who were sensitized to allergen, 56% had allergic rhinitis when they were 8 years old.
Sensitization to inhaled allergens at an early age (4 years) precedes the development of allergic rhinitis.
References:
Natural course and comorbidities of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis in children. Westman M, Stjärne P, Asarnoj A, Kull I, van Hage M, Wickman M, Toskala E. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Nov 5.
Analysis of a database to predict the result of allergy testing American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, Volume 28, Number 5, September/October 2014, pp. 414-418(5) http://bit.ly/1udyzC8
Nonallergic rhinitis, CCJM 2012 review.
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